Shloka 23

Adhyaya 77 — Sanjna’s Withdrawal from Surya: The Birth of Yama and Yamuna, and the Emergence of Chhaya

Sanskrit

सूर्यतापमनिच्छन्ती तेजसस्तस्य बिभ्यती ।

तपश्चचारा तत्रापि वडवारूपधारिणी ॥

Transliteration

sūryatāpam anicchantī tejasas tasya bibhyatī / tapaś cacāra tatrāpi vaḍavārūpadhāriṇī

Translation

Tidak menginginkan panas yang membakar dari Sang Surya dan takut akan sinarnya, ia pun menjalankan tapa di sana juga—dengan mengambil wujud seekor kuda betina.

Word by Word

• सूर्यतापम्: the sun’s heat
• सूर्यतापम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य + ताप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सूर्यस्य तापः); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म

• अनिच्छन्ती: not desiring
• अनिच्छन्ती: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: न + इष्/इच्छ् (धातु) → इच्छन्त् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्यय; present active participle) ‘इच्छन्ती’; न-उपसर्गेण निषेध; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of she)

• तेजसः: of the radiance
• तेजसः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध

• तस्य: of him/that (sun)
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (referring to सूर्य)

• बिभ्यती: fearing
• बिभ्यती: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भी (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ; present active participle) ‘बिभ्यती’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृ-विशेषण (she, fearing)

• तपः: austerity/penance
• तपः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म

• चकार: did/performed
• चकार: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Desha-adhikarana (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (locative adverb)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपेक्षार्थक अव्यय (also/even)

• वडवारूपधारिणी: bearing the form of a mare
• वडवारूपधारिणी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वडवा + रूप + धारिणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (वडवायाः रूपम्; तद् धारयति इति); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of she)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya narrating

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Saṃjñā (in mare-form)
• Sūrya

Key Themes

• Tapas
• Transformation
• Managing divine energy (tejas)
• Mythic motif: Vaḍavā-rūpa

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even divine brilliance can be unbearable without right ‘capacity’; one may need discipline (tapas) and adaptation to relate to overwhelming power.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Mythic biography (vaṃśānucarita-like) connected to solar mythology; not a direct manvantara or sarga passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

Sūrya’s tejas can symbolize intense spiritual realization; the mare-form suggests a protective embodiment—channeling and containing energy so austerity can proceed without being ‘burned’ by excess.