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Shloka 21

कृष्णेन विदुरं प्रति आगमन-हेतु-निवेदनम् / Krishna explains the purpose of his coming to Vidura

“'जनार्दन! धृतराष्ट्रके सभी पुत्रोंको यह दृढ़ विश्वास है कि देवताओंसहित इन्द्र भी इस समय युद्धके द्वारा हमारी इस सेनाको परास्त नहीं कर सकते ।। तेष्वेवमुपपन्नेषु कामक्रोधानुवर्तिषु । समर्थमपि ते वाक्यमसमर्थ भविष्यति,“जो इस प्रकार निश्चय किये बैठे हैं और काम-क्रोधके ही पीछे चलनेवाले हैं, उनके प्रति आपका युक्तियुक्त एवं सार्थक वचन भी निरर्थक एवं असफल हो जायगा

vaiśampāyana uvāca | “janārdana! dhṛtarāṣṭrake sarve putrā idaṃ dṛḍhaṃ viśvasanti—devaiḥ saha indro ’pi etasmin samaye yuddhena asmākaṃ senāṃ na parājayituṃ śaknoti || teṣv evam upapanneṣu kāma-krodhānuvartiṣu samartham api te vākyaṃ asamarthaṃ bhaviṣyati ||”

Wahai Janārdana, ketika mereka telah menetap dalam keyakinan seperti itu dan hanya mengikuti nafsu serta amarah, maka bahkan kata-katamu yang paling tepat dan kuat pun akan menjadi tak berdaya—tanpa hasil.

तेषुamong/with regard to them
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उपपन्नेषुhaving become/being situated (so), being convinced
उपपन्नेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउपपन्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
कामक्रोधानुवर्तिषुin those who follow desire and anger
कामक्रोधानुवर्तिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootकामक्रोधानुवर्तिन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
समर्थम्capable, effective
समर्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमर्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven, although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
वाक्यम्speech, statement
वाक्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
असमर्थम्ineffective, powerless
असमर्थम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसमर्थ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भविष्यतिwill become
भविष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)
I
Indra
T
the Devas (gods)
A
army (senā)
W
war (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

When people are ruled by desire and anger and have hardened their certainty, even sound counsel from a wise and well-intentioned speaker becomes ineffective. Ethical persuasion requires receptivity; without it, pride and passion block dharmic reasoning.

Vaiśampāyana describes the Kauravas’ overconfidence: they believe their forces are so strong that even Indra with the gods could not defeat them. Because they are driven by kāma and krodha, Kṛṣṇa’s rational, meaningful advice is predicted to fail to change their course.