Shloka 5

भीमसेनस्य आत्मबलप्रशंसा — Bhīmasena’s Assertion of Strength

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 74

Devanagari script

न च स्वपिषि जागर्षि न्युब्ज: शेषे परंतप । घोरामशान्तां रुषतीं सदा वाचं प्रभाषसे

Transliteration

na ca svapiṣi jāgarṣi nyubjaḥ śeṣe paraṃtapa | ghorām aśāntāṃ ruṣatīṃ sadā vācaṃ prabhāṣase, paraṃtapa ||

Translation

“Wahai penakluk musuh, engkau tidak tidur meski telah berbaring; engkau tetap terjaga. Dan bila engkau harus berbaring, engkau rebah dengan wajah menelungkup; dari mulutmu terus-menerus keluar ucapan yang mengerikan, gelisah, dan penuh amarah.”

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• स्वपिषि: you sleep
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्वप् (धातु)
• Form: Lat, present, 2, singular, Parasmaipada

• जागर्षि: you stay awake
• Type: Verb
• Root: जागृ (धातु)
• Form: Lat, present, 2, singular, Parasmaipada

• न्युब्जः: face-down, prone
• न्युब्जः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: न्युब्ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• शेषे: you lie down / you sleep (lie)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शी (धातु)
• Form: Lat, present, 2, singular, Atmanepada

• परंतप: O scorcher of foes
• Type: Noun
• Root: परंतप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• घोराम्: terrible
• घोराम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• अशान्ताम्: unpeaceful, restless
• अशान्ताम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अशान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• रुषतीम्: angry, wrathful
• रुषतीम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुषत् (प्रातिपदिक; शतृ-प्रत्यय from √रुष्)
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• सदा: always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा

• वाचम्: speech, words
• वाचम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• प्रभाषसे: you speak, you utter
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-भाष् (धातु)
• Form: Lat, present, 2, singular, Atmanepada

• परंतप: O scorcher of foes
• Type: Noun
• Root: परंतप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• paraṃtapa (epithet addressing a warrior)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Uncontrolled anger and inner agitation manifest outwardly as sleeplessness, harsh speech, and loss of composure—signs that one’s mind is not governed by dharma and self-restraint.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narrator Vaiśampāyana describes a warrior addressed as ‘paraṃtapa’ as being so consumed by distress and wrath that he cannot sleep; even when he lies down, he lies prone, and his speech remains continually fierce and unsettled.