Shloka 19
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Inquiry and Sañjaya’s Etymologies of Kṛṣṇa’s Names
Puruṣottama-nāma-nirvacana
इन्द्रियाणां यमे यत्तो भव राजन्नतन्द्रित: । बुद्धिश्च ते मा च्यवतु नियच्छैनां यतस्तत:,राजन्! आप आलस्य छोड़कर इन्द्रियोंके संयममें तत्पर हो जाइये और अपनी बुद्धिको जैसे भी सम्भव हो, नियन्त्रणमें रखिये, जिससे वह अपने लक्ष्यसे भ्रष्ट न हो
indriyāṇāṁ yame yatto bhava rājann atandritaḥ | buddhiś ca te mā cyavatu niyacchaināṁ yatas tataḥ ||
Sañjaya berkata: “Wahai Raja, berjaga-jagalah dan tinggalkan kemalasan; tekunlah mengekang indria. Jangan biarkan buddhi-mu menyimpang dari tujuannya—kendalikan ia dengan segala cara yang mampu kau lakukan, agar tidak keluar dari jalan yang benar.”
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches disciplined vigilance: restrain the senses (indriya-nigraha) and keep the intellect steady on its proper aim, using every available means so that judgment does not deviate into negligence, passion, or error.
In the Udyoga Parva’s tense pre-war deliberations, Sañjaya addresses the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), urging him toward alert self-mastery—an ethical counsel meant to steady royal decision-making at a critical moment.