Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 21

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Duryodhana Dialogue on Peace and the Refusal of Compromise

प्रतीपमिव मे भाति युयुधानेन भारती । व्यस्ता सीमन्तिनी ग्रस्ता प्रमृष्टा दीर्घबाहुना

pratīpam iva me bhāti yuyudhānena bhāratī | vyastā sīmanta-nī grastā pramṛṣṭā dīrgha-bāhunā ||

Bagiku tampak seolah Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki) telah membelokkan bala Bharata ini ke arah yang berlawanan—laksana seorang perempuan yang dihina oleh lelaki: belah rambutnya berantakan, direnggut dan diperlakukan kasar oleh seorang kesatria berlengan panjang. Demikian pula pasukan ini, kacau-balau, tampak lari ke arah yang bertentangan.

प्रतीपम्hostile, adverse (as an object of comparison)
प्रतीपम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतीप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
भातिappears, seems
भाति:
TypeVerb
Rootभा (भाति)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
युयुधानेनby Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
युयुधानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootयुयुधान
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भारतीthe Bhārata (army/host of the Bhāratas)
भारती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभारती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
व्यस्ताscattered, disordered
व्यस्ता:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यस्त (वि + अस्/स्था; past passive participle sense)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सीमन्तिनीa woman (with a hair-parting; i.e., a married woman)
सीमन्तिनी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसीमन्तिनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
ग्रस्ताseized, overpowered
ग्रस्ता:
TypeAdjective
Rootग्रस्त (ग्रह्; past passive participle)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रमृष्टाrubbed down, crushed, trampled
प्रमृष्टा:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रमृष्ट (मृश्/मृज्; past passive participle)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दीर्घबाहुनाby the long-armed one
दीर्घबाहुना:
Karana
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootदीर्घबाहु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
Y
Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki)
B
Bharata/Kuru army (bhāratī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how quickly an army’s morale and order can collapse under a decisive warrior’s pressure, and how leaders may frame defeat through charged imagery of dishonor—revealing the ethical weight placed on reputation and composure in kṣatriya warfare.

Duryodhana observes the Kuru/Bharata forces being thrown into confusion by Yuyudhāna (Sātyaki). He describes their disarray and retreat with a harsh simile of a woman humiliated and dishevelled, emphasizing the perceived indignity of being routed.