Shloka 4
अध्याय ३९: विदुरेण धृतराष्ट्राय नीत्युपदेशः
Timely Counsel, Association, and Kin-Duty
झूठ बोलकर उन्नति करना, राजाके पासतक चुगली करना, गुरुजनपर भी झूठा दोषारोपण करनेका आग्रह करना--ये तीन कार्य ब्रह्महत्याके समान हैं ।। असूयैकपदं मृत्युरतिवाद: श्रियो वध: । अशुश्रूषा त्वरा श्लाघा विद्याया: शत्रवस्त्रय:
asūyaikapadaṁ mṛtyur ativādaḥ śriyo vadhaḥ | aśuśrūṣā tvarā ślāghā vidyāyāḥ śatravas trayaḥ ||
Satu langkah menuju iri hati adalah langkah menuju kematian; bicara berlebihan dan tak terkendali membunuh kemakmuran; dan tiga musuh ilmu adalah: mengabaikan pelayanan serta mendengarkan para sesepuh, tergesa-gesa, dan memuji diri sendiri.
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Guard the mind and speech: envy leads to ruin, excessive talk destroys prosperity, and learning is obstructed by not serving/listening to elders, by impatient haste, and by self-praise.
In Udyoga Parva, as tensions rise before the Kurukṣetra war, Vidura offers moral and practical counsel (nīti) to restrain harmful tendencies that corrode judgment, relationships, and the capacity to learn from wise guidance.