Shloka 17

Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38

Devanagari script

यो ज्ञातिमनुगृह्नाति दरिद्रं दीनमातुरम्‌

Transliteration

yo jñātim anugṛhṇāti daridraṃ dīnam āturam

Translation

Ia yang menaruh belas kasih dan menolong sanak kerabat yang miskin, lemah, dan sakit.

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ज्ञातिम्: a kinsman/relative
• ज्ञातिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञाति
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अनुगृह्णाति: shows favor to, helps
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-ग्रह्
• Form: Present (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• दरिद्रम्: poor
• दरिद्रम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दरिद्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दीनम्: wretched, distressed
• दीनम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आतुरम्: afflicted, sick
• आतुरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आतुर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura
• kinsman/relative (jñāti)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Dharma is not merely ritual or status; it is expressed as compassionate responsibility—especially toward one’s own kin when they are impoverished, helpless, or suffering.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Vidura’s counsel (Vidura-nīti) within the Udyoga Parva, he articulates ethical principles for right conduct; here he highlights the merit of aiding distressed relatives.