Shloka 3
हंस–साध्यसंवादः, वाक्-निग्रहः, महाकुल-लक्षणम्, शान्ति-उपायः
Hamsa–Sādhya Dialogue; Restraint of Speech; Marks of Noble Lineage; Means to Peace
यश्चाशिष्यं शास्ति वै यश्व तुष्येद् यश्चातिवेलं भजते द्विषन्तम् । स्त्रियश्व॒ यो रक्षति भद्रम श्लुते यशक्षायाच्यं याचते कत्थते च
yaś cāśiṣyaṃ śāsti vai yaś ca tuṣyed yaś cātivelaṃ bhajate dviṣantam | striyaś ca yo rakṣati bhadram aśnute yaś cākṣāyācyaṃ yācate katthate ca ||
Vidura berkata: para utusan Yama yang memegang jerat menyeret ke neraka orang-orang yang membalik tatanan dharma—mereka yang menghukum orang yang tak patut dihukum dan malah berpuas diri karenanya; yang melampaui batas maryādā demi kepuasan; yang mengabdi kepada musuh; yang berpura-pura ‘melindungi’ perempuan yang tak layak dipercayai untuk dilindungi lalu mengira dirinya memperoleh kesejahteraan; dan yang meminta-minta kepada orang yang tak patut dimintai sambil membanggakan diri.
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Do not invert dharma by misdirecting discipline, transgressing limits, serving enemies, forming improper protective/beneficiary ties, or begging from unfit sources while boasting. Such conduct reflects loss of discernment (viveka) and leads to moral downfall.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers moral counsel (Vidura-nīti). Here he lists types of unethical or socially destructive behavior and warns that Yama’s agents punish such people—framing the teaching as a vivid consequence for adharma.