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Shloka 24

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

जो राजा इस प्रकार प्रेमके साथ कोमल दृष्टिसे देखता है, मानो आँखोंसे पीना चाहता है, वह चुपचाप बैठा भी रहे, तो भी प्रजा उससे अनुराग रखती है ।।

yo rājā evaṃ prakāreṇa premṇā saha komala-dṛṣṭyā paśyati, yathā netrābhyāṃ pātum icchet; sa tūṣṇīṃ niṣaṇṇo 'pi prajābhiḥ anurāgaṃ labhate. supuṣpitaḥ syād aphalaḥ, phalitaḥ syād durāruhaḥ; apakvaḥ pakva-saṅkāśo na tu śīryeta kadācana. rājā vṛkṣa-vat su-puṣpito 'pi phala-śūnyaḥ syāt (ati-dātā na bhavet); yadi phalavān api syāt, tathāpi durāruhaḥ (agamyatāṃ rakṣet); apakvo 'pi pakva-saṅkāśaḥ svaṃ prakāśayet—evaṃ kṛtvā sa kadācana na vinaśyati.

Raja hendaknya seperti pohon: boleh tampak semarak berbunga namun tidak selalu sarat buah (jangan terlalu mudah memberi); bila berbuah pun, hendaklah sukar dipanjat (tidak mudah didekati untuk dimanfaatkan); dan meski belum matang dalam kekuatan, tampilkan diri seolah telah matang. Dengan sikap terukur demikian, ia tidak jatuh ke dalam kebinasaan.

सुपुष्पितःwell-flowered, in full bloom
सुपुष्पितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुपुष्पित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्may be / should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (भू)
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अफलःfruitless, without fruit
अफलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअफल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
फलितःbearing fruit, fruitful
फलितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootफलित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्may be / should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (भू)
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुरारुहःhard to climb/approach
दुरारुहः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरारुह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपक्वःunripe, immature
अपक्वः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपक्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पक्वसंकाशःhaving the appearance of being ripe
पक्वसंकाशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपक्व-संकाश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
शीर्येतwould perish/decay/fall apart
शीर्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootशीॄ (शीर्ण/शीर्यते)
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
कदाचित्ever, at any time
कदाचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित्
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
R
rājā (the king)
P
prajā (the subjects/people)
V
vṛkṣa (tree)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should combine visible compassion with strategic restraint: win hearts through gentle regard, but remain difficult to exploit, and project maturity and strength even when still consolidating power.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura instructs the king on rājadharma (the duties and tactics of rulership), explaining how a king secures popular loyalty while safeguarding authority through a balanced public demeanor.