Shloka 64

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

Devanagari script

त्रय एवाधना राजन्‌ भार्या दासस्तथा सुत: । यत्‌ ते समधिगच्छन्ति यस्य ते तस्य तद्‌ धनम्‌

Transliteration

traya evādhanā rājan bhāryā dāsas tathā sutaḥ | yat te samadhigacchanti yasya te tasya tad dhanam ||

Translation

Vidura berkata: “Wahai Raja, menurut adat-dharma, tiga orang dianggap tidak memiliki hak milik yang berdiri sendiri: istri, putra, dan hamba. Apa pun yang mereka peroleh dipandang sebagai milik orang yang berada di atas wewenangnya.”

Word by Word

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• एव: only/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अधनाः: without property; not having independent wealth
• अधनाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• भार्या: wife
• भार्या: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• दासः: servant/slave
• दासः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दास
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: and likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• सुतः: son
• सुतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यत्: whatever (that which)
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ते: of you/your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• समधिगच्छन्ति: they obtain/earn/acquire
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-अधि-गम्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• यस्य: of whom/whose
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Nominative, Plural

• तस्य: of that (person); his
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• धनम्: wealth/property
• धनम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura
• King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied addressee)
• bhāryā (wife)
• dāsa (slave/servant)
• suta (son)