Shloka 101
Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition
दश धर्म न जानन्ति धृतराष्ट्र निबोध तान् । मत्त: प्रमत्त उन्मत्तः श्रान्तः क्रुद्धों बुभुक्षित:
daśa dharmaṁ na jānanti dhṛtarāṣṭra nibodha tān | mattaḥ pramatta unmattāḥ śrāntaḥ kruddho bubhukṣitaḥ |
Vidura berkata: “Wahai Dhṛtarāṣṭra, pahamilah ini: ada sepuluh macam orang yang tidak menangkap hakikat dharma—yang mabuk, yang lalai, yang kalut/tergila, yang letih, yang dikuasai amarah, dan yang tersiksa oleh lapar.”
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Dharma requires clear discernment; overpowering conditions like intoxication, heedlessness, madness, fatigue, anger, and hunger distort judgment, so one should not trust such states (in oneself or others) when making moral or political decisions.
In the Udyoga Parva, Vidura counsels King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, warning him about factors that ruin right judgment. This verse begins a list of ten dispositions that make a person unfit to understand or uphold dharma.