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Shloka 23

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 126 — Kṛṣṇa’s Indictment of Misrule and the Varuṇa Analogy (कृष्णवाक्यं–धर्मपाशदृष्टान्तः)

यावच्च राजा धप्रियते धृतराष्ट्रो जनार्दन । न्यस्तशस्त्रा वयं ते वाप्पयुपजीवाम माधव । अप्रदेयं पुरा दत्तं राज्यं परवतो मम,“जनार्दन! जबतक राजा धृतराष्ट्र जीवित हैं, तबतक हमें और पाण्डवोंको हथियार न उठाकर शान्तिपूर्वक जीवन बिताना चाहिये। वृष्णिनन्दन श्रीकृष्ण! पहले भी जो पाण्डवोंको राज्यका अंश दिया गया था, वह उन्हें देना उचित नहीं था; परंतु मैं उन दिनों बालक एवं पराधीन था, अत: अज्ञान अथवा भयसे जो कुछ उन्हें दे दिया गया था, उसे अब पाण्डव पुन: नहीं पा सकते

yāvac ca rājā dhriyate dhṛtarāṣṭro janārdana | nyastaśastrā vayaṃ te vāpy upajīvāma mādhava | apradeyaṃ purā dattaṃ rājyaṃ parvato mama ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Wahai Janārdana, selama Raja Dhṛtarāṣṭra masih hidup, hendaknya kami dan para Pāṇḍava meletakkan senjata dan hidup tenteram dalam lindunganmu, wahai Mādhava. Bagian kerajaan yang dahulu pernah diberikan itu sesungguhnya tidak patut dianugerahkan; apa yang diserahkan kala itu—karena ketidaktahuan atau ketakutan, ketika aku masih muda dan bergantung—kini tak dapat dituntut kembali oleh para Pāṇḍava.”

यावत्as long as / until
यावत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत्
Formcorrelative adverb (until/as long as)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
ध्रियतेcontinues / remains alive
ध्रियते:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
Formpresent, indicative, 3rd person, singular; passive/ātmanepada usage: 'is sustained/continues'
धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
जनार्दनO Janārdana
जनार्दन:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootजनार्दन
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
न्यस्तशस्त्राःhaving laid down weapons / disarmed
न्यस्तशस्त्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootन्यस्तशस्त्र
Formmasculine, nominative, plural; past passive participle-based compound: 'with weapons laid down'
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formnominative, plural (common gender)
तेfor you / to you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formdative, singular
वाor / indeed
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
Formdisjunctive particle
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formparticle
उपजीवामwe live / subsist
उपजीवाम:
TypeVerb
Rootउपजीव्
Formpresent, indicative, 1st person, plural (parasmaipada): 'we live/maintain ourselves'
माधवO Mādhava
माधव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
अप्रदेयम्not to be given / improper to give
अप्रदेयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रदेय
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular; gerundive (to be given) with negation
पुराformerly / earlier
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
Formadverb
दत्तम्given
दत्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदा
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular; past passive participle
राज्यम्kingdom / sovereignty
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
पार्थवत्with respect to the Pārthas / like (for) the Pāṇḍavas
पार्थवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपार्थवत्
Formadverbial -वत् (like/as): 'as to the Pārthas'
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
J
Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa)
M
Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
Parvata

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a political-ethical stance: while the elder king Dhṛtarāṣṭra lives, restraint and non-violence are urged, yet it simultaneously argues about the legitimacy of past concessions, claiming that earlier grants of royal share were improper and therefore not binding now.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war negotiations, a speaker (reported by Vaiśaṃpāyana) addresses Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana/Mādhava), advocating disarmament and peaceful living during Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s lifetime, while contesting the Pāṇḍavas’ entitlement to a previously allotted portion of the kingdom.