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Shloka 2

Gāndhārī’s Lament and the Identification of Duḥśāsana (स्त्रीपर्व, अध्याय १८)

इदं दुःखतरं मेडद्य यदिमा मुक्तमूर्थजा: । हतपुत्रा रणे बाला: परिधावन्ति मे स्नुषा:,सबसे अधिक दुःख मुझे आज यह देखकर हो रहा है कि ये मेरी बालवधुएँ, जिनके पुत्र भी मारे जा चुके हैं, रणभूमिमें केश खोले चारों ओर अपने स्वजनोंकी खोजमें दौड़ रही हैं

idaṁ duḥkhataraṁ me ’dya yad imā muktamūrdhajāḥ | hataputrā raṇe bālāḥ paridhāvanti me snuṣāḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Yang paling menyayat hatiku hari ini adalah pemandangan ini: para menantuku yang masih muda—anak-anak mereka pun telah gugur—dengan rambut terurai dalam duka, berlari ke sana kemari di medan perang mencari sanak keluarga mereka.”

इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दुःखतरम्more painful
दुःखतरम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखतर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मेfor me / to me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
Formtrue
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
इमाःthese
इमाः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
मुक्त-मूर्धजाःwith loosened hair
मुक्त-मूर्धजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमुक्तमूर्धज
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
हत-पुत्राःwhose sons are slain
हत-पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहतपुत्र
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
बालाःyoung women
बालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाला
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
परिधावन्तिrun about
परिधावन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-धाव्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
मेmy
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
स्नुषाःdaughters-in-law
स्नुषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्नुषा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
daughters-in-law (snuṣāḥ)
B
battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical cost of war: beyond the fallen warriors, the deepest suffering spreads to families—especially women—whose social and emotional world collapses. It underscores that adharma in conflict manifests as enduring grief and disorder in society.

In the Strī Parva’s mourning scenes after the great battle, the narrator describes a heartbreaking sight: young widowed daughters-in-law, their sons also killed, roam the battlefield with unbound hair, searching among the dead for their relatives.