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Shloka 176

राष्ट्रगुप्ति-संग्रहः

Protection of the Realm and Principles of Revenue & Local Administration

संवेक्ष्य तु तथा राज्ञा प्रणेया: सततं करा: । लाभ और कर्म दोनों ही यदि निष्प्रयोजन हुए तो कोई भी काम करमेमें प्रवृत्त नहीं होगा। अतः जिस उपायसे राजा और कार्यकर्ता दोनोंको कृषि

saṁvekṣya tu tathā rājñā praṇeyāḥ satataṁ karāḥ | lābhaś ca karma ca yadi niṣprayojanau bhavetāṁ na kaścid api karmaṇi pravarteta | tasmād yena upāyena rājā ca kāryakartā ca kṛṣi-vāṇijyādi-karmaṇāṁ lābhasya bhāgaṁ labhete, tam upāyaṁ vicārya rājñā sadā karāṇāṁ nirṇayaḥ kartavyaḥ ||

Bhishma bersabda: Raja hendaknya senantiasa menilai keadaan dan menetapkan pajak sesuai dengannya. Bila keuntungan dan jerih payah sama-sama dibuat tak berarti, tak seorang pun akan terdorong bekerja. Karena itu, setelah mempertimbangkan cara agar baik raja maupun pelaku kerja memperoleh bagian yang patut dari hasil pekerjaan seperti pertanian dan perdagangan, raja harus selalu menetapkan pajak dengan cara demikian.

संवेक्ष्यhaving considered/after examining
संवेक्ष्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-ईक्ष्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययार्थक अव्ययभाव), कर्तरि, पूर्वकाल (absolutive/gerund)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तथाthus/in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रणेयाःto be laid down/ordained
प्रणेयाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-नी (प्रणय)
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
सततम्always/constantly
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
कराःtaxes/tributes
कराः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
the king (rājā)
W
workers/agents (kāryakartāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Taxes must be set with careful consideration so that productive people still find work meaningful and profitable; the king should take a fair share of gains without destroying incentives for agriculture, trade, and other livelihoods.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship (rājadharma), Bhishma advises the king on fiscal policy: levy taxes in a way that preserves the worker’s benefit while also sustaining the state.