Shloka 105
Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)
Devanagari script
यश्च धर्मात् प्रविचलेल्लोके कश्नन मानव: । निग्राह्मास्ते स्वबाहुभ्यां शश्वद् धर्ममवेक्षता
Transliteration
yaś ca dharmāt pravicalel loke kaścana mānavaḥ | nigrahmās te svabāhubhyāṃ śaśvad dharmam avekṣatā ||
Translation
Dan bila di dunia ini ada seseorang yang menyimpang dari dharma, maka—dengan pandangan tertuju pada hukum yang kekal—tundukkan dia dengan kekuatan lenganmu sendiri dan jatuhkan hukuman.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
धर्मात्from dharma
धर्मात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
प्रविचलेत्should deviate / may stray
प्रविचलेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-चल् (प्र + वि)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कश्चनany (someone)
कश्चन:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चन (किम् + चन)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मानवःman, human
मानवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निग्राह्यःto be restrained / to be punished
निग्राह्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-ग्रह्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (tavya/ya; here -ya)
अस्तेis
अस्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्वबाहुभ्याम्with (one's) own two arms
स्वबाहुभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वबाहु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
शश्वत्always, constantly
शश्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशश्वत्
धर्मम्dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अवेक्षताwhile observing / keeping in view
अवेक्षता:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-ईक्ष्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ) used adverbially
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaL
loka (the world/people)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes