Shloka 45

Yajña-bhāga-vyavasthā and the Pravṛtti–Nivṛtti Framework (यज्ञभागव्यवस्था तथा प्रवृत्तिनिवृत्तिधर्मविवेचनम्)

Devanagari script

नाशिष्ये सम्प्रदातव्यो नाव्रते नाकृतात्मनि । “तुमलोग बहुसंख्यक हो जाओ और इस वेदका विस्तार करो। जिसका मन वशमें न हो, जो ब्रह्मचर्य-व्रतका पालन न करता हो तथा जो शिष्यभावसे पढ़ने न आया हो, उसे वेदाध्ययन नहीं कराना चाहये || ४४ $ ।। एते शिष्यगुणा: सर्वे विज्ञातव्या यथार्थत:

Transliteration

nāśiṣye sampradātavyo nāvrate nākṛtātmani |

Translation

Bhīṣma berkata: Ajaran suci tidak patut diberikan kepada orang yang bukan murid sejati, bukan pula kepada yang tanpa laku-janji (vrata), dan tidak kepada yang dirinya tak terkendali. Veda hendaknya diajarkan hanya kepada pelajar yang datang dengan sikap kebaktian sebagai murid, memelihara brahmacarya serta pengendalian diri, dan mampu menaklukkan pikirannya—agar tradisi tetap terjaga dan tidak merosot.

Word by Word

नnot

अशिष्येin/for a non-disciple (unfit student)

सम्प्रदातव्यःshould be given/handed over (taught/imparted)

नnot

अव्रतेin/for one without a vow (undisciplined)

नnot

अकृतात्मनिin/for one whose self is not disciplined (uncontrolled-minded)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Veda (as sacred knowledge)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Sacred knowledge should be transmitted only to a qualified disciple—one who is disciplined, observant of vows (especially brahmacarya), and self-controlled—because the integrity of the Vedic tradition depends on the student’s character and receptivity.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma lays down rules for the proper transmission of Vedic learning, warning against teaching those who lack the required discipline and disciple-like approach.