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Shloka 25

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

मध्यस्थमेकमात्मानं पाप॑ं यस्मिन्‌ न विद्यते । द्वितीयं कर्म विज्ञाय नूपते विषयैषिणाम्‌,इन बातोंको भलीभाँति जानकर तथा सत्त्वगुणको, मनसहित ग्यारह इन्द्रिय, पाँच प्राण-इन सोलह गुणोंसे घिरे हुए सूक्ष्म शरीरको, शरीरके आश्रित रहनेवाले स्वभाव और चेतनाको जाने। नरेश्वर! जिसमें पापका लेश भी नहीं है, वह एकमात्र जीवात्मा शरीरके भीतर हृदयरूपी गुफामें उदासीन-भावसे विद्यमान है, इस बातको जाने। विषयकी अभिलाषा रखनेवाले मनुष्योंका जो कर्म है, वह शरीरके भीतर आत्माके अतिरिक्त दूसरा तत्त्व है। यह भी अच्छी तरह जान ले

madhyastham ekam ātmānaṁ pāpaṁ yasmin na vidyate | dvitīyaṁ karma vijñāya nūpate viṣayaiṣiṇām ||

Bhishma berkata: “Kenalilah Sang Diri yang satu, yang berdiam di dalam sebagai saksi yang tak berpihak, pada-Nya tak ada setitik pun dosa. Dan pahamilah bahwa ‘yang kedua’, berbeda dari Diri, adalah tindakan (karma)—milik mereka yang mengejar objek-objek indria.”

मध्यस्थम्standing in the middle; neutral/indifferent
मध्यस्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमध्यस्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एकम्one; single
एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मानम्the Self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पापम्sin; evil
पापम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यस्मिन्in which; wherein
यस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्यतेexists; is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
द्वितीयम्second; another
द्वितीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वितीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मaction; deed; karma
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विज्ञायhaving known; understanding
विज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपेतapproached; attained; connected with
उपेत:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-इ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
विषयैषिणाम्of those who seek sense-objects
विषयैषिणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविषय-एषिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
nūpati (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)
Ā
ātman (Self)
K
karma (action)

Educational Q&A

The verse distinguishes the pure, impartial Self—untainted by sin—from karma, which is treated as a secondary principle associated with people driven by desire for sense-objects. Ethical clarity comes from recognizing the Self as intrinsically unstained and seeing desire-based action as a separate, binding factor.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs King Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and liberation-oriented wisdom. Here he urges discernment: identify the inner Self as neutral and pure, and recognize that the compulsive activity of the sense-seeker is something other than that Self.