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Shloka 44

Haṃsa–Sādhya Saṃvāda: Satya, Dama, Kṣamā and the Discipline of Speech

अपत्यानां च वैगुण्यं जनं विगुणमेव च । पश्यन्‌ भूयिष्ठशो लोके को मोक्ष नाभिपूजयेत्‌,“इतना ही नहीं, इस जगत्‌में अपनी संतानोंकी गुणहीनताका दुःख भी देखना पड़ता है। विपरीत गुणवाले मनुष्योंसे भी सम्बन्ध हो जाता है। इस प्रकार जो यहाँ अधिकांश कष्ट ही देखता है, ऐसा कौन मनुष्य मोक्षका आदर नहीं करेगा?”

apatyānāṁ ca vaiguṇyaṁ janaṁ viguṇam eva ca | paśyan bhūyiṣṭhaśo loke ko mokṣaṁ nābhipūjayet ||

Bhishma bersabda: “Di dunia ini, orang bahkan harus menyaksikan pedihnya anak-anak sendiri yang miskin kebajikan; dan ia pun terjerat dalam hubungan dengan orang-orang yang tabiatnya berlawanan atau cacat. Bila kehidupan di sini pada umumnya dipenuhi derita, siapakah yang tidak memuliakan dan mendambakan moksha?”

अपत्यानाम्of (one's) children/offspring
अपत्यानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootअपत्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैगुण्यम्defectiveness; lack of good qualities
वैगुण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैगुण्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जनम्people; a person/folk
जनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विगुणम्defective; lacking good qualities
विगुणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पश्यन्seeing; observing
पश्यन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपश्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भूयिष्ठशःmostly; for the most part; very often
भूयिष्ठशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयिष्ठशस्
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मोक्षम्liberation
मोक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभिपूजयेत्would honor; would revere
अभिपूजयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-पूज्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Present-system (optative sense), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Worldly life repeatedly confronts one with moral and emotional distress—even through one’s own family and social ties—so valuing moksha is a rational and ethical response grounded in dispassion (vairagya).

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and the goals of life, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira by pointing to common worldly disappointments as reasons a thoughtful person should esteem liberation.