Shloka 14
Dharma-Pramāṇa-Vicāra: The Elusiveness of Dharma and the Limits of Rule-Lists
पृथग्भूतेषु सृष्टेषु चतुर्थाश्रमकर्मसु । समाधौ योगमेवैतच्छाण्डिल्य: शममब्रवीत्
pṛthagbhūteṣu sṛṣṭeṣu caturthāśramakarmasu | samādhau yogam evaitac chāṇḍilyaḥ śamam abravīt |
Ketika makhluk-makhluk diciptakan sebagai berbeda-beda dan kewajiban tahap hidup keempat (sannyāsa/pelepasan) dijelaskan, maka apa yang telah kukatakan tentang samādhi—itulah Yoga itu sendiri; dan itulah yang oleh resi Śāṇḍilya, dalam ajaran Upaniṣad, disebut ‘śama’ (ketenteraman batin).
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse equates the meditative culmination (samādhi) taught as yoga with the Upaniṣadic virtue called śama—inner calm and mental restraint—showing that renunciant discipline is fundamentally an inward practice of stilling the mind.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Vyāsa clarifies terminology: the same inner practice he has explained under samādhi/yoga is referred to by the sage Śāṇḍilya as śama, linking Mahābhārata teaching with Upaniṣadic discourse.