Shloka 8

Adhyātma-krama: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman Hierarchy and Citta-Prasāda (आध्यात्मक्रमः)

Devanagari script

अपृथग्दर्शना: सर्वे ऋक्सामसु यजु:षु च । कामद्वेषौ पृथक्‌ कृत्वा तप: कृत उपासते,सत्ययुगमें सभी द्विज ऋग्वेद, यजुर्वेद और सामवेद--इन तीनोंमें भेददृष्टि न रखते हुए राग-द्वेषको मनसे हटाकर तपस्याका आश्रय लेते हैं

Transliteration

apṛthagdarśanāḥ sarve ṛksāmasu yajuḥṣu ca | kāmadveṣau pṛthak kṛtvā tapaḥ kṛta upāsate ||

Translation

Pada zaman kebenaran, semua kaum dwija memandang tradisi Ṛg, Sāma, dan Yajus tanpa pemisahan mazhab. Menyingkirkan hasrat dan kebencian, mereka menempuh tapa dan hidup dalam laku rohani yang tertib.

Word by Word

अपृथग्दर्शनाःhaving non-separate vision (non-discriminating)

सर्वेall

ऋक्सामसुin the Ṛk and Sāman (Vedas)

यजुःषुin the Yajus (Yajurveda)

चand

कामद्वेषौdesire and hatred

पृथक्separately; apart (i.e., setting aside)

कृत्वाhaving done; having made (having set aside)

तपःausterity; penance

कृतdone; performed

उपासतेthey practice; they resort to; they worship/attend upon

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vyāsa

Kṛta Yuga (Satya Yuga)

Dvija (twice-born)

Ṛ

Ṛgveda

Sāmaveda

Yajurveda

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True dharma begins with inner discipline: abandoning desire and aversion and practicing tapas. The verse also teaches non-sectarian respect for the Vedas—seeing Ṛg, Sāma, and Yajus as not essentially opposed.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa describes the conduct of people in the Kṛta (Satya) Yuga: the dvijas did not quarrel over Vedic divisions and instead focused on self-purification through austerity and spiritual practice.