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Shloka 70

योग–सांख्यसमन्वयः, रथोपमा, व्यक्त–अव्यक्तविवेकः

Yoga–Sāṃkhya Synthesis, Chariot Allegory, and the Vyakta–Avyakta Distinction

नाभ्यवर्तन्त नास्तिक्याद्‌ वर्तन्त: सम्भवेष्वपि | कितने ही दानव पूर्वकालमें अपने पूर्वजोंद्वारा सुयोग्य ब्राह्मणोंको दानके रूपमें दी हुई जागीरें नास्तिकताके कारण उनके पास रहने नहीं देते हैं यद्यपि वे अन्य सम्भव उपायोंसे जीवन-निर्वाह कर सकते हैं तथापि उस दिये हुए दानको छीन लेते हैं ।।

nābhyavartanta nāstikyād vartantaḥ sambhaveṣv api |

Śakra berkata: “Karena ketidakpercayaan (pada dharma), mereka tidak membiarkan para pemegang yang berhak tetap tinggal dalam kepemilikan, padahal mereka sendiri dapat hidup dengan cara-cara lain yang memungkinkan. Demikianlah pada masa lampau banyak Dānava, terdorong oleh irreligiusitas, merampas kembali tanah-tanah anugerah yang dahulu telah dianugerahkan leluhur mereka kepada brāhmaṇa yang layak sebagai pemberian.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभ्यवर्तन्तthey did not return / did not come back
अभ्यवर्तन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि√वृत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, plural, Ātmanepada
नास्तिक्यात्from/owing to atheism
नास्तिक्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनास्तिक्य
Formneuter, ablative, singular
वर्तन्तःexisting, living, subsisting
वर्तन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तन्त् (वृत्-धातोः शतृ-प्रत्ययान्तः)
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
सम्भवेषुin (other) possible means/resources
सम्भवेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसम्भव
Formmasculine, locative, plural
अपिeven, although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

शक्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)
D
Dānavas
B
Brāhmaṇas
D
dāna (gift/endowment)
J
jāgīr (land grant/endowed estate; contextual gloss)

Educational Q&A

A gift—especially a rightful endowment to worthy recipients—should not be reclaimed out of greed or irreligion. Even when one has other means of livelihood, violating dāna-dharma by seizing back what was given is portrayed as a moral failure rooted in nāstikya.

Indra (Śakra), while instructing on dharma, cites an example from earlier times: certain Dānavas, despite having alternative ways to live, would not let Brāhmaṇas retain ancestral land-grants and would forcibly take back those donations, illustrating the social harm caused by unbelief and adharma.