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Shloka 2

Brāhmaṇa-kṛtya, Āśrama-niyama, and Dāna-prasaṃsā

Duties of the Brāhmaṇa, āśrama discipline, and praise of giving

श्रिया विहीनमासीनमक्षो भ्यामिव सागरम्‌ | भवाभवज्ञं भूतानामित्युवाच पुरंदर:

bhīṣma uvāca | śriyā vihīnam āsīnam akṣobhyām iva sāgaram | bhavābhavajñaṃ bhūtānām ity uvāca purandaraḥ ||

Pada suatu ketika, raja Daitya Namuci—meski telah kehilangan kemuliaan kerajaannya—tetap duduk tanpa terusik, laksana samudra yang tak terguncang; sebab ia memahami hukum naik-turunnya makhluk seiring putaran waktu. Saat itu, Purandara, raja para dewa (Indra), mendatanginya dan berkata demikian.

श्रियाby/with fortune, prosperity
श्रिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
विहीनम्deprived (of)
विहीनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविहीन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आसीनम्seated, sitting
आसीनम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआस्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अक्षोभ्यम्unagitated, unshakable
अक्षोभ्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षोभ्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
सागरम्ocean
सागरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भवाभवज्ञम्knowing rise and fall (existence and non-existence)
भवाभवज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभवाभवज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भूतानाम्of beings, of creatures
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उवाचsaid, spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुरंदरःPurandara (Indra)
पुरंदरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरंदर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Purandara (Indra)
D
Daitya-rāja Namuci
Ś
Śrī (royal fortune/prosperity)
S
Sāgara (ocean)

Educational Q&A

True steadiness is shown when prosperity departs: the wise remain unshaken, understanding that worldly rise and fall occur by the course of time and are not grounds for inner collapse.

Namuci has lost his royal fortune yet remains calm like an unperturbed ocean; Indra (Purandara) comes to him and begins to speak, setting up a dialogue framed by Bhishma’s narration.