Shloka 15
Śānti-parva 206: Guṇa-hetu Moha, Kāma-krodha Chain, Indriya-utpatti, and Nirodha
अविनाशी विष्णु ही परबत्रह्म कहे जाते हैं। वे ही परमधाम और परमपद हैं। उन्हें प्राप्त कर लेनेपर जीव कालके राज्यसे मुक्त हो मोक्षधाममें स्थित हो जाते हैं ।।
avināśī viṣṇur hi parabrahma kathyate | sa eva paramadhāma paramapadaṃ ca | taṃ prāpya jīvaḥ kālarājyāt pramucyate mokṣadhāmni ca tiṣṭhati || guṇeṣv ete prakāśante nirguṇatvāt tataḥ param | nivṛttilakṣaṇo dharmas tathā anantyāya kalpate ||
Bhishma berkata: Vishnu yang tak binasa disebut sebagai Brahman Tertinggi. Dialah kediaman tertinggi dan keadaan paling luhur. Dengan mencapai-Nya, makhluk terbebas dari kekuasaan Kala (Waktu) dan tegak di alam moksha. Makhluk tampak termanifestasi di dalam guna—melalui keterkaitan dengan akibat guna seperti tubuh dan batin—namun Sang Diri Tertinggi, karena nirguna (melampaui sifat), berdiri sepenuhnya di luar semuanya itu. Dharma yang berciri nivritti—bertindak tanpa nafsu dan dengan pelepasan rasa memiliki—berdaya menuntun menuju keadaan moksha yang tak fana.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that Vishnu, identified with the Supreme Brahman, is beyond the guṇas and is the highest goal. Liberation comes by attaining Him, which frees the jīva from the dominion of Time. The practical means emphasized is nivṛtti-lakṣaṇa dharma—renunciatory, non-attached action and inner withdrawal from craving—leading to the imperishable state (mokṣa).
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma continues his discourse on mokṣa and the highest dharma. Here he identifies the supreme reality as Vishnu/Parabrahman, contrasts the jīva’s manifestation within guṇas with the Lord’s nirguṇa transcendence, and points to nivṛtti-oriented dharma as the path to liberation.