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Shloka 22

Yoga, Nārāyaṇa as Supreme Principle, and the Emanation of Categories

Sāṅkhya-Yoga Outline

जैसे सूर्यग्रहणकालमें चन्द्रमा सूर्यसे संयुक्त होनेपर सूर्यमें छायारूपी राहुका दर्शन होता है, उसी प्रकार शरीरसे संयुक्त होनेपर शरीरधारी आत्माकी उपलब्धि होती है ।। यथा चन्द्रार्कनिर्मुक्तः स राहुनोपलभ्यते । तद्धच्छरीरनिर्मुक्त: शरीरी नोपलभ्यते,जैसे चन्द्रमा-सूर्यससे अलग होनेपर सूर्यमें राहुकी उपलब्धि नहीं होती, उसी प्रकार शरीरसे विलग होनेपर शरीरधारी आत्माका दर्शन नहीं होता

yathā candrārka-nirmuktaḥ sa rāhunopalabhyate | tadvac charīra-nirmuktaḥ śarīrī nopalabhyate ||

Bhishma bersabda: sebagaimana bayangan Rāhu tampak pada matahari hanya ketika bulan berkonjungsi dengan matahari (seperti saat gerhana), demikian pula Sang Diri yang berjasad dipahami hanya ketika berhubungan dengan tubuh. Ketika bulan terpisah dari matahari, Rāhu tidak tampak di sana; demikian pula ketika Sang Diri terlepas dari tubuh, ‘diri yang berjasad’ tidak menjadi objek penglihatan.

यथाjust as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formindeclinable (comparative particle)
चन्द्रthe moon
चन्द्र:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचन्द्र
Formmasculine, nominative singular (in compound context)
अर्कthe sun
अर्क:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्क
Formmasculine, nominative singular (in compound context)
निर्मुक्तःreleased/separated (from)
निर्मुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मुक्त
Formmasculine, nominative singular; past passive participle (√मुच् 'to release' with nis-)
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative singular
राहुनाby/through Rahu
राहुना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराहु
Formmasculine, instrumental singular
उपलभ्यतेis perceived/obtained
उपलभ्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√लभ्
Formpresent tense, passive voice, 3rd person singular
तद्वत्in the same way
तद्वत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्वत्
Formindeclinable (comparative particle)
शरीरbody
शरीर:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
Formneuter, nominative singular (in compound context)
निर्मुक्तःreleased/separated (from)
निर्मुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मुक्त
Formmasculine, nominative singular; past passive participle (√मुच् with nis-)
शरीरीthe embodied one (self)
शरीरी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरीरिन्
Formmasculine, nominative singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (negation)
उपलभ्यतेis perceived
उपलभ्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√लभ्
Formpresent tense, passive voice, 3rd person singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
C
Chandra (Moon)
A
Arka/Surya (Sun)
R
Rahu
S
Sharira (body)
S
Shariri (embodied self)

Educational Q&A

Perception of the ‘embodied self’ depends on the body as a condition and instrument; when that association is absent, the self is not available to ordinary sense-perception—implying the Self is subtler than what the senses can objectify.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma explains to the listener (Yudhishthira contextually) a philosophical point using an eclipse analogy: Rāhu’s presence is inferred/seen only under conjunction, just as the self is ‘noticed’ in embodied life but not as a visible object when separated from the body.