Shloka 1

Keśava-tattva-kathana

On the Principle of Keśava: Cosmogony and Divine Epithets

Devanagari script

युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--पितामह! उस समय विरूपके पूर्वोक्त वचन कहनेपर ब्राह्मण और राजा इक्ष्वाकु उन दोनोंने उसे कया उत्तर दिया, यह मुझे बताइये

Transliteration

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca—Pitāmaha! tadā Virūpakena pūrvoktaṃ vacanaṃ ukte brāhmaṇaś ca rājā Ikṣvākuś ca tau dvāv asmai kiṃ pratyuvācatām? etan me vada.

Translation

Yudhiṣṭhira berkata: “Wahai Kakek Agung, ketika Virūpaka mengucapkan kata-kata yang telah ia sampaikan sebelumnya, jawaban apakah yang diberikan oleh sang Brahmana dan Raja Ikṣvāku—keduanya—kepadanya? Mohon ceritakan kepadaku.”

Word by Word

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पप्रच्छ: asked
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पितामह: O grandsire
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• तदा: then/at that time
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• विरूपके: in/when Virūpaka (spoke)
• विरूपके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विरूपक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• पूर्वोक्तम्: previously spoken
• पूर्वोक्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्वोक्त
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वचनम्: statement/words
• वचनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कथयति: says/utters
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथ्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ब्राह्मणः: the Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इक्ष्वाकुः: Ikṣvāku
• इक्ष्वाकुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: इक्ष्वाकु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• तस्मै: to him
• तस्मै: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• किम्: what
• किम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उत्तरम्: reply/answer
• उत्तरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ददतुः: they two gave
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• मे: to me
• मे: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Dative, Singular

• ब्रूहि: tell (me)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• युधिष्ठिर (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• पितामह / भीष्म (Pitāmaha/Bhīṣma)
• विरूपक (Virūpaka)
• ब्राह्मण (a Brahmin)
• राजा इक्ष्वाकु (King Ikṣvāku)