Shloka 30
मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः
Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature
सुखस्पर्श: सत्त्वगुणो दुःखस्पर्शो रजोगुण: । तमोगुणेन संयुक्ती भवतो5व्यावहारिकौ
sukhasparśaḥ sattvaguṇo duḥkhasparśo rajoguṇaḥ | tamoguṇena saṃyuktī bhavato 'vyāvahārikau ||
Bhishma bersabda: Sattva adalah guṇa yang menghadirkan sentuhan dan pengalaman bahagia; rajas adalah guṇa yang menghadirkan sentuhan dan pengalaman duka. Namun ketika keduanya bersekutu dengan tamas—kegelapan dan delusi—keduanya tidak lagi layak menjadi penuntun dalam laku praktis, sebab kejernihan dan daya membeda pun lenyap. Maka kenalilah bagaimana guṇa membentuk pengalaman, dan dengan kebijaksanaan hindarilah distorsi tamas dalam mengejar kebaikan dan kewajiban.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Happiness and sorrow arise according to the dominance of sattva and rajas, but when either is mixed with tamas (delusion), one’s experience and judgment become unreliable for right practical conduct; therefore discernment about the guṇas is essential for ethical living.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner discipline, Bhishma teaches Yudhishthira about the guṇas and how they condition human experience, warning that tamas corrupts both pleasure and pain into confusion that cannot guide proper action.