जापक–इक्ष्वाकु–सत्यविवादः
The Jāpaka, Ikṣvāku, and the Dispute on Truth and Merit
अवज्ञानमहंकारो दम्भश्नैव विगर्हित: । अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोध: सर्वाश्रमगतं तप:
bharadvāja uvāca | avajñānam ahaṅkāro dambhaś caiva vigarhitaḥ | ahiṃsā satyam akrodhaḥ sarvāśramagataṃ tapaḥ ||
Bharadvāja berkata: “Sikap meremehkan, kesombongan diri, dan kemunafikan sungguh dikecam sebagai cela. Tanpa-kekerasan terhadap semua makhluk, berkata benar, dan pengendalian yang mencegah amarah timbul di dalam batin—itulah tapa yang bermanfaat bagi orang di setiap āśrama.”
भरद्वाज उवाच
The verse contrasts condemned vices—disrespect, ego-pride, and hypocrisy—with universally valid austerities: non-violence, truthfulness, and mastery over anger. It frames ethical self-restraint as true tapas, applicable to all stages of life.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, the sage Bharadvāja speaks as a teacher, laying down practical moral criteria: what conduct is censured and what disciplines count as genuine austerity for everyone, regardless of āśrama.