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Shloka 10

त्रिवर्गविचारः

Tri-varga Deliberation: Dharma, Artha, Kāma

दमेन सदृशं धर्म नान्यं लोकेषु शुश्रुम ।। दमो हि परमो लोके प्रशस्त: सर्वधर्मिणाम्‌,हमने संसारमें दमके समान दूसरा कोई धर्म नहीं सुना। जगत्‌में सभी धर्मवालोंके यहाँ दमको उत्कृष्ट बताया गया है। सबने उसकी भूरि-भूरि प्रशंसा की है

damena sadṛśaṃ dharma nānyaṃ lokeṣu śuśruma | damo hi paramo loke praśastaḥ sarvadharmiṇām ||

Bhishma bersabda: “Di berbagai dunia, kami tidak pernah mendengar kewajiban yang sebanding dengan dama—pengendalian diri. Sesungguhnya dama dipandang sebagai kebajikan tertinggi di dunia ini, dipuji oleh semua yang menapaki dharma.”

दमेनby/with self-control
दमेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सदृशम्similar/equal
सदृशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, virtue
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यम्another, other
अन्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
लोकेषुin the worlds
लोकेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
शुश्रुमwe have heard
शुश्रुम:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), First, Plural, Parasmaipada
दमःself-control
दमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
परमःsupreme, highest
परमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रशस्तःpraised, commended
प्रशस्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रशस्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from प्र-शंस्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वधर्मिणाम्of all the righteous / of all followers of dharma
सर्वधर्मिणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वधर्मिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Self-restraint (dama)—control of senses, impulses, and speech—is presented as the supreme dharma, the foundation that supports all other virtues and makes righteous conduct stable and effective.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on dharma after the war, emphasizing that among moral disciplines, self-control is universally praised as the highest.