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Shloka 23

Bhṛtya-niyoga: Role-appropriate appointment of servants and protection of the royal treasury (भृत्यनियोगः कोशरक्षणं च)

राजा गुणशताकीर्ण एष्टव्यस्तादृशो भवेत्‌ | योधाश्रैव मनुष्येन्द्र सर्वे गुणगणैर्वृता:,ऐसे सैकड़ों गुणोंसे सम्पन्न राजा ही प्रजाके लिये वांछनीय होता है। नरेन्द्र! राज्यकी रक्षामें सहायता देनेवाले समस्त सैनिक भी इसी प्रकार श्रेष्ठ गुण-समूहोंसे सम्पन्न होने चाहिये, इस कार्यके लिये अच्छे पुरुषोंकी ही खोज करनी चाहिये तथा अपनी उन्नतिकी इच्छा रखनेवाले राजाको कभी अपने सैनिकोंका अपमान नहीं करना चाहिये

bhīṣma uvāca | rājā guṇaśatākīrṇa eṣṭavyas tādṛśo bhavet | yodhāś caiva manuṣyendra sarve guṇagaṇair vṛtāḥ |

Bhishma berkata: Raja yang dihiasi ratusan kebajikanlah yang patut diinginkan dan dipilih demi kesejahteraan rakyat. Dan wahai pemimpin manusia, para kesatria yang menopangnya dalam menjaga kerajaan hendaknya juga dianugerahi gugusan sifat-sifat utama. Karena itu, carilah orang-orang baik untuk tugas ini; dan raja yang menghendaki kemajuan dirinya tidak boleh merendahkan para prajuritnya.

राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गुणशताकीर्णःfilled with hundreds of virtues
गुणशताकीर्णः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणशताकीर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एष्टव्यःto be desired/sought
एष्टव्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तादृशःsuch (of that kind)
तादृशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्should be/would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
योधाःwarriors/soldiers
योधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मनुष्येन्द्रO lord of men (king)
मनुष्येन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्येन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गुणगणैःby groups/collections of virtues
गुणगणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुणगण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वृताःendowed/covered (with)
वृताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
manuṣyendra (addressed king, contextually Yudhishthira)
R
rājā (the king)
Y
yodhāḥ (soldiers/warriors)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should be richly endowed with virtues, and his military supporters should also be men of strong character; for effective and righteous governance, the king must select good people for protection of the realm and must not insult or demean his soldiers, since their dignity and morale are integral to the kingdom’s security and the king’s own success.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma addresses the king (traditionally Yudhishthira) and lays down standards for governance: the ideal king is virtuous, and those who defend the state must likewise be qualified by good qualities; the passage emphasizes careful selection of personnel and respectful treatment of the army.