Shloka 30

Devanagari script

इति कृत्यसमुद्देश: कीर्तितस्ते मयानघ । तरन्ते येन दुर्गाणि परत्रेह च मानवा:,निष्पाप युधिष्ठिर! इस प्रकार मैंने यहाँ संक्षेपसे उस कर्तव्यका प्रतिपादन किया है, जिसका पालन करनेसे मनुष्य इहलोक और परलोकमें समस्त दु:खोंसे छुटकारा पा जाते हैं

Transliteration

iti kṛtya-samuddeśaḥ kīrtitas te mayānagha | tarante yena durgāṇi paratreha ca mānavāḥ || niṣpāpa yudhiṣṭhira ||

Translation

Wahai yang tak bercela! Demikianlah telah kusampaikan kepadamu secara ringkas garis besar kewajiban; dengan menaatinya manusia menyeberangi kesukaran—di dunia ini maupun di alam sana.

Word by Word

इतिthus

कृत्य-समुद्देशःsummary/outline of duties

कीर्तितःhas been declared/expounded

तेto you

मयाby me

अनघO sinless one

तरन्तेcross over

येनby which

दुर्गाणिdifficulties, hard passages

परत्रin the other world

इहhere (in this world)

चand

मानवाःmen, human beings

निष्पापO sinless one

युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhishma

Yudhishthira

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhishma concludes that he has summarized the essential duties (kṛtya) whose practice enables a person to overcome hardships and suffering in both this life (iha) and the hereafter (paratra).

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma is wrapping up a section of dharma-teaching, stating that he has briefly outlined the required conduct and its benefit: safely crossing life’s dangers in both worlds.