Shloka 193
Satya–Anṛta Viveka (Discrimination between Truth and Falsehood) | सत्य–अनृत विवेकः
अर्थस्य रक्षणार्थाय परेषां धर्मकारणात् | परंतु प्राण-संकटके समय, विवाहके अवसरपर, दूसरेके धनकी रक्षाके लिये तथा धर्मकी रक्षाके लिये असत्य बोला जा सकता है
arthasya rakṣaṇārthāya pareṣāṃ dharma-kāraṇāt | parantu prāṇa-saṅkaṭake samaye vivāha-ke avasarapar dvitīyasya dhanasya rakṣā-kṛte tathā dharmasya rakṣā-kṛte asatyaṃ vaktuṃ śakyate |
Bhishma mengajarkan— berkata benar adalah kewajiban utama, namun dharma juga mengakui beberapa pengecualian yang jarang dan terikat. Pada saat bahaya maut, pada kesempatan pernikahan, demi menjaga harta milik orang lain, dan demi melindungi dharma, ucapan yang tidak benar dapat dibenarkan. Ini bukan izin untuk menipu, melainkan kelonggaran yang sempit demi menyelamatkan hidup dan dharma.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Truth is a major dharma, but dharma is also contextual: in exceptional situations—especially to protect life, preserve another’s rightful property, or safeguard dharma itself—speaking an untruth may be allowed. The permission is narrow and purpose-bound, not a general approval of deception.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma is advising Yudhishthira on ethical decision-making. He explains how competing duties can arise and how, in rare cases, the higher aim of protecting life and dharma can override strict literal truth-telling.