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Shloka 31

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

स्थानानि शड़्कितानां च नित्यमेव विवर्जयेत्‌ । न च तेष्वाश्वसेद्‌ राजा जाग्रतीह निराकृता:,जिन शत्रुओंके मनमें संदेह उत्पन्न हो गया हो, उनके निकटवर्ती स्थानोंमें रहना या आना-जाना सदाके लिये त्याग दे। राजा उनपर कभी विश्वास न करे; क्योंकि इस जगतमें उसके द्वारा तिरस्कृत या क्षतिग्रस्त हुए शत्रुगण सदा बदला लेनेके लिये सजग रहते हैं

sthānāni śaṅkitānāṁ ca nityam eva vivarjayet | na ca teṣv āśvased rājā jāgratīha nirākṛtāḥ ||

Tempat-tempat yang didatangi orang-orang yang telah diliputi kecurigaan hendaknya selalu dijauhi oleh raja. Dan raja jangan pernah menaruh percaya kepada mereka; sebab di dunia ini, musuh yang telah ditolak atau disakiti senantiasa berjaga, menanti saat untuk membalas dendam.

स्थानानिplaces, locations
स्थानानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
शङ्कितानाम्of the suspicious/those who have become doubtful
शङ्कितानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootशङ्कित (कृदन्त; शङ्क् + क्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विवर्जयेत्should avoid, should shun
विवर्जयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootविवृज्/वर्ज् (धातु; वर्ज्—त्यागे) + वि
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेषुin them, towards them
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
आश्वसेत्should trust, should feel confidence
आश्वसेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्वस् (धातु; श्वस्—विश्वासे/श्वासे)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जाग्रतिthey stay awake, they are vigilant
जाग्रति:
TypeVerb
Rootजागृ (धातु) / जाग्रत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
इहhere, in this world
इह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
निराकृताःrejected, repulsed, insulted
निराकृताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिराकृत (कृदन्त; निर्-आ-√कृ + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (the king)
Ś
śatravaḥ (enemies, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

In rājadharma, prudence is a duty: a ruler should avoid proximity to those whose suspicion has been stirred and should not rely on them, because injured or rejected enemies remain vigilant for retaliation.

During the Śānti Parva instruction on kingship, Bhīṣma advises Yudhiṣṭhira on practical governance—specifically, how a king should manage risk from hostile or distrustful persons and prevent revenge-driven threats.