Shloka 5

शूरलक्षणवर्णनम् | Marks and Typologies of Martial Temperament

Devanagari script

तथा यवनकाम्बोजा मथुरामभितश्न ये । एते नियुद्धकुशला दाक्षिणात्यासिपाणय:

Transliteration

tathā yavanakāmbojā mathurām abhitaś ca ye | ete niyuddhakuśalā dākṣiṇātyāsipāṇayaḥ ||

Translation

Demikian pula para Yavana, Kamboja, dan mereka yang tinggal di sekitar Mathurā, terampil dalam pertarungan yang teratur dan gulat. Adapun orang-orang dari wilayah selatan senantiasa menggenggam pedang—mahir menggunakan bilahnya.

Word by Word

• तथा: and also; likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• यवन: Yavanas (Greeks/foreigners)
• यवन: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यवन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• काम्बोजाः: Kambojas
• काम्बोजाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम्बोज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• मथुराम्: Mathurā
• मथुराम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मथुरा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अभितः: around; on all sides of
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभितः

• ये: who; those who
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नियुद्धकुशलाः: skilled in close-combat/wrestling
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियुद्धकुशल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दाक्षिणात्याः: southerners; people of the southern region
• दाक्षिणात्याः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दाक्षिणात्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• असिपाणयः: those having swords in hand; sword-bearers
• असिपाणयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: असिपाणि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Yavanas
• Kambojas
• Mathura
• Southern regions (Dakshinatyas)
• Sword (asi)
• Niyuddha (regulated combat/wrestling)