Shloka 23

Devanagari script

अधीतं विधिवदू दत्तं प्राप्तमायुर्निरामयम्‌

Transliteration

adhītaṃ vidhivad u dattaṃ prāptam āyur nirāmayam | diṣṭyā me vipulā lakṣmī mṛte tv anyagatā vibho ||

Translation

Sanjaya berkata: “Aku telah belajar menurut tata cara, memberi derma sebagaimana mestinya, dan meraih umur panjang tanpa sakit. Wahai yang perkasa, berkat keberuntungan, kemakmuran kerajaan yang besar itu milikku, dan baru setelah aku wafat ia berpindah ke tangan orang lain.”

Word by Word

• अधीतम्: studied/learnt
• अधीतम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: अधि-इ (धातु) → अधीत (कृदन्त)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• विधिवत्: according to rule; duly
• विधिवत्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधि + वत्

• दत्तम्: given (as a gift); donated
• दत्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) → दत्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• प्राप्तम्: obtained; attained
• प्राप्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु) → प्राप्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• आयुः: life-span; life
• आयुः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• निरामयम्: free from disease; healthy
• निरामयम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर् + आमय
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• दिष्ट्या: by good fortune; luckily
• दिष्ट्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिष्टि
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• मे: of me; my
• मे: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular, First

• विपुला: abundant; vast
• विपुला: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• लक्ष्मीः: fortune; prosperity; royal fortune
• लक्ष्मीः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• मृते: when (I am) dead; upon death
• मृते: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: मृ (धातु) → मृत (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, Past passive participle used locatively (सप्तमी)

• त्व: of you / in you (enclitic element in sandhi)
• त्व: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (enclitic base)
• Form: Genitive/Locative (enclitic), Singular, Second

• अन्यगता: gone to another; passed to someone else
• अन्यगता: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य + गत
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular, Past participle (गत) with prefix/qualifier

• विभो: O mighty one; O lord
• विभो: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभु
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Vibhu (addressed person, i.e., Dhritarashtra in context)
• Lakshmi (prosperity/royal fortune)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse links a well-lived life to disciplined learning (adhyayana), properly performed giving (dāna), and the resulting well-being and prosperity—while also reminding that worldly fortune (lakṣmī) is transient and ultimately passes on after death.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya reports a speaker’s self-assessment at life’s end: he claims to have fulfilled prescribed duties—study and charity—enjoyed health and abundant royal fortune, and notes that his prosperity left him only after his death, underscoring the closing of a life and the transfer of power/wealth.