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Shloka 19

Duryodhana-patana-anuśocana

The Fall of Duryodhana and the Contest of Restraint

यस्त्रयोदशवर्षाणि गदया कृतनिश्रम: । चरत्यूर्थध्व च तिर्यक्‌ू च भीमसेनजिघांसया

yas trayodaśa-varṣāṇi gadayā kṛta-niśramaḥ | caraty ūrdhvaṃ ca tiryak ca bhīmasena-jighāṃsayā ||

Dia yang selama tiga belas tahun menempuh jerih payah dan latihan tanpa putus dalam bertarung dengan gada, kini—didorong hasrat membunuh Bhīmasena—berkeliaran ke atas dan ke samping, ke sana kemari, mencari celah.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रयोदशthirteen
त्रयोदश:
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रयोदश
Form—, —, —
वर्षाणिyears (for a period)
वर्षाणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
गदयाwith a mace
गदया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
कृतdone, performed
कृत:
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootकृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निश्रमःcontinuous exertion/practice
निश्रमः:
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चरतिmoves about, roams
चरति:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ऊर्ध्वम्upwards
ऊर्ध्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तिर्यक्sideways, obliquely
तिर्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतिर्यक्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भीमसेनof Bhimasena
भीमसेन:
TypeProper Noun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
जिघांसयाwith the desire to kill
जिघांसया:
Karana
TypeNoun (action/intent)
Rootहन् (जिघांसु/जिघांसया from desiderative base जिघांस्)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
G
gadā (mace)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how long discipline and technical mastery in warfare can be driven by inner intention; here, sustained practice is harnessed not for protection of dharma but for a targeted, violent resolve, underscoring the ethical weight of motive behind skill.

Vāyu describes a warrior who has trained continuously with the mace for thirteen years and is now maneuvering—moving upward and sideways—seeking a chance to kill Bhīmasena.