Shloka 52

Trita in the Well (Udapāna-kathā) — Balarāma’s Tīrtha Observances

Devanagari script

“अत: प्रजेश्वर! हम सब बहिनें एक साथ नियमित आहार करके तपस्यामें संलग्न हो आपके ही पास रहेंगी! ।।

Transliteration

ataḥ prajeśvara! vayaṁ sarvā bhaginyaḥ ekasāthaṁ niyamita-āhāraṁ kṛtvā tapasyāṁ saṁlagnāḥ tavaiva pāśve sthāsyāmaḥ. śrutvā tāsāṁ tu vacanaṁ dakṣaḥ somam athābravīt—soma! samaṁ vartasva bhāryāsu mā tvā adharmaḥ mahān spṛśet.

Translation

“Karena itu, wahai Penguasa makhluk! Kami para saudari akan tetap bersama di hadapanmu, menjalani tapa dengan makanan yang teratur.” Mendengar ucapan mereka, Prajāpati Dakṣa berkata kepada Soma: “Soma, berlaku adillah kepada semua istrimu, agar adharma yang besar tidak menyentuhmu.”

Word by Word

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावार्थ (gerundial)

• तासाम्: of those (women)
• तासाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• वचनम्: speech/words
• वचनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• दक्षः: Daksha
• दक्षः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सोमम्: Soma (the Moon)
• सोमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अथ: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• समम्: equally
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन, क्रियाविशेषण-भाव (adverbial accusative)

• वर्तस्व: conduct yourself
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), मध्यम, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• भार्यासु: among (your) wives
• भार्यासु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• मा: do not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा
• Form: prohibitive particle

• त्वा: you
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (contextual), द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अधर्मः: unrighteousness/sin
• अधर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महान्: great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स्पृशेत्: may touch/afflict
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्पृश् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Prajāpati Dakṣa
• Soma (Candra, the Moon)
• the sisters/wives (Dakṣa’s daughters; Soma’s wives)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Impartiality and fairness in relationships—especially toward those under one’s care—is a dharmic obligation; favoritism invites adharma and its consequences.

What is happening in the narrative?

The wives (spoken of as sisters together) resolve to stay near Dakṣa while practicing austerities with regulated food; Dakṣa responds by instructing Soma to treat all his wives equally so that grave adharma does not befall him.