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Shloka 3

Kṛtavarmā–Sātyaki Chariot Duel and Kaurava Morale Shock (कृतवर्म-सात्यकि-द्वैरथम्)

योडसौ महाभद्रकुलप्रसूत: सुपूजितो धार्तराष्ट्रेण नित्यम्‌ । सुकल्पित: शास्त्रविनिश्चयज्ञै: सदोपवाहाः समरेषु राजन्‌,राजन्‌! वह हाथी महाभद्र नामक गजराजके कुलमें उत्पन्न हुआ था। धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र दुर्योधनने नित्य ही उसका आदर किया था, गजशास्त्रके ज्ञाता पुरुषोंने उसे अच्छी तरह सजाया था और सदा ही युद्धके अवसरोंपर वह सवारीके उपयोगमें लाया जाता था

yo 'sau mahābhadrakulaprasūtaḥ supūjito dhārtarāṣṭreṇa nityam | sukalpitaḥ śāstraviniścayajñaiḥ sadopavāhāḥ samareṣu rājan, rājan |

Wahai Raja, gajah itu lahir dari garis mulia para gajah Mahābhadra. Ia senantiasa dimuliakan oleh putra Dhṛtarāṣṭra, dan oleh para ahli yang memahami ketetapan ilmu kegajahan ia diperlengkapi dengan baik; dalam setiap pertempuran, ia selalu dipakai sebagai tunggangan.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उदासौthat (well-known) one
उदासौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउदासु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाभद्र-कुल-प्रसूतःborn in the Mahābhadra lineage
महाभद्र-कुल-प्रसूतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रसूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुपूजितःwell-honoured
सुपूजितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुपूजित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रेणby the Dhārtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)
धार्तराष्ट्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
सुकल्पितःwell-adorned / well-equipped
सुकल्पितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुकल्पित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शास्त्र-विनिश्चय-ज्ञैःby those who know the determinations of the treatises
शास्त्र-विनिश्चय-ज्ञैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
उपवाहाःmounts / riding-elephants (as conveyances)
उपवाहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपवाह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समरेषुin battles
समरेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राजन्O king!
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra
D
Duryodhana (Dhārtarāṣṭra)
M
Mahābhadra (elephant lineage)
W
war elephant (mount)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how royal power in war depends not only on warriors but also on carefully maintained instruments of battle—here, a prized war elephant—showing the ethical tension of investing honor and expertise into means of violence.

Sanjaya describes a particular elephant of renowned pedigree, regularly honored by Duryodhana and expertly outfitted by specialists, emphasizing that it was consistently used as a battle-mount whenever fighting occurred.