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Shloka 843

Sabhā Parva, Adhyāya 68 — Pāṇḍavānāṃ Vanavāsa-prasthānaḥ; Duḥśāsana-nindā; Pāṇḍava-pratijñāḥ

तस्मात्‌ सत्यं ब्रुवन्‌ साक्षी धर्मार्थाभ्यां न हीयते । झूठ बोलनेवाला मनुष्य उन सभी दु:खोंका भागी होता है। समक्ष दर्शन

tasmāt satyaṃ bruvan sākṣī dharmārthābhyāṃ na hīyate |

Karena itu, seorang saksi yang berkata benar tidak menyimpang dari dharma dan artha. Barangsiapa berkata dusta menjadi turut menanggung semua penderitaan itu; sebab ‘saksi’ disebut demikian karena ia melihat langsung, mendengar, dan menyimpan dalam ingatan—maka saksi yang berkata benar tak pernah kehilangan kebajikan maupun kemakmuran yang sah.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
सत्यंtruth
सत्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ब्रुवन्speaking/saying
ब्रुवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
साक्षीa witness
साक्षी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाक्षिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धर्मार्थाभ्याम्by/with dharma and artha
धर्मार्थाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मार्थ
Formmasculine, instrumental, dual
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हीयतेis diminished/is deprived
हीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
Formलट् (present), आत्मनेपद, third, singular, passive/mediopassive (loss is undergone)

कश्यप उवाच

कश्यप (Kaśyapa)
साक्षी (witness)

Educational Q&A

A witness must speak truthfully: truthful testimony safeguards one’s dharma and artha, while false testimony makes one complicit in the resulting suffering and injustice.

Kaśyapa is instructing on the moral duty of a ‘sākṣī’ (witness), defining a witness as one who has directly seen, heard, and retained the facts, and emphasizing that such a person must speak the truth.