Shloka 48

त्यजेत सर्वा पृथिवीं समृद्धां युधिष्ठटिरो धर्ममथो न जह्यात्‌ उक्त जितो5स्मीति च पाण्डवेन तस्मान्न शक्‍्नोमि विवेक्तुमेतत्‌,मेरा विश्वास है कि धर्मराज युधिष्ठिर धन-समृद्धिसे भरी हुई इस सारी पृथ्वीको त्याग सकते हैं, किंतु धर्मको नहीं छोड़ सकते। इन पाण्डुनन्दनने स्वयं कहा है कि मैं अपनेको हार गया; अतः मैं इस प्रश्नका विवेचन नहीं कर सकता

tyajet sarvāṃ pṛthivīṃ samṛddhāṃ yudhiṣṭhiro dharmam atho na jahyāt | uktaṃ jito ’smīti ca pāṇḍavena tasmān na śaknomi vivektum etat ||

Bhishma berkata: “Yudhishthira, sang Raja Dharma, dapat melepaskan bahkan seluruh bumi yang makmur ini, namun ia tidak akan meninggalkan dharma. Dan putra Pandu ini sendiri telah berkata, ‘Aku telah dimenangkan/dikalahkan.’ Karena itu aku tidak sanggup memutus perkara ini.”

त्यजेत्may abandon
त्यजेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormVidhi-ling (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वाम्entire
सर्वाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
पृथिवीम्earth, kingdom
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
समृद्धाम्prosperous, rich
समृद्धाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमृद्ध
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अथbut/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जह्यात्may abandon/leave
जह्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormVidhi-ling (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
उक्तम्said, spoken
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formkta (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
जितःconquered/defeated
जितः:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formkta (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormLat (present indicative), 1, singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पाण्डवेनby the Pāṇḍava (Yudhiṣṭhira)
पाण्डवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्नोमिI am able
शक्नोमि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormLat (present indicative), 1, singular, Parasmaipada
विवेक्तुम्to decide/discriminate
विवेक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + विच्
Formtumun (infinitive)
एतत्this (matter)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pāṇḍava (son of Pāṇḍu)
P
Pṛthivī (the earth/kingdom)
D
Dharma

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma highlights Yudhiṣṭhira’s defining trait: unwavering commitment to dharma. Even if he could renounce worldly sovereignty, he would not renounce righteousness. Yet Bhīṣma also points to a moral-legal constraint: because Yudhiṣṭhira himself declared ‘I am won,’ Bhīṣma refrains from giving a decisive ruling, showing how spoken commitments can bind ethical deliberation in royal assemblies.

In the aftermath of the dice-game stakes, a dispute arises about what can be claimed and what is validly lost. Bhīṣma is asked to judge, but he notes that Yudhiṣṭhira—known for dharma—has already stated that he has been ‘won/defeated.’ Because of that explicit declaration, Bhīṣma says he cannot clearly decide the issue.