Shloka 13
कर्णवधार्थं धनञ्जयस्य प्रतिज्ञा — Arjuna’s resolve for Karṇa’s defeat
Devanagari script
ते हयान् रथचक्रे च रथेषां चापि मारिष
Transliteration
te hayān rathacakre ca ratheṣāṃ cāpi māriṣa
Translation
Sañjaya berkata: “Wahai yang mulia, kuda-kuda itu, roda-roda kereta, bahkan kereta-kereta itu sendiri—”
Word by Word
तेthose (them)
ते:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रथचक्रेthe two chariot-wheels
रथचक्रे:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथचक्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Dual
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
रथेषाम्of chariots
रथेषाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
मारिषO noble sir (term of address)
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaH
horses (haya)C
chariot wheels (rathacakra)C
chariots (ratha)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even the proud instruments of royal power—horses, chariots, and wheels—are fragile in war; the passage underscores the impermanence of martial might and the heavy cost that accompanies the kṣatriya pursuit of victory.
Sañjaya is reporting battlefield details to the king, listing the war equipment—horses, wheels, and chariots—within a continuing description of the combat’s intensity and the damage being inflicted.