Shloka 31
कर्णेन सैन्यस्थापनं तथा नानायुद्धसमवायः
Karna Reforms the Host and Multiple Duels Converge
पांचाल, कौरव, नैमिष और मत्स्यदेशोंके निवासी धर्मको जानते हैं। उत्तर, अंग तथा मगधदेशोंके वृद्ध पुरुष शास्त्रोक्त धर्मोका आश्रय लेकर जीवन निर्वाह करते हैं ।।
Pāñcāla, Kaurava, Naimiṣa ca Matsyadeśe nivāsinaḥ dharmaṃ jānanti. Uttara, Aṅga tathā Magadhadeśe vṛddhāḥ puruṣāḥ śāstroktadharmān āśritya jīvanaṃ nirvahanti. Prācīṃ diśaṃ śritā devā jātavedāḥ purogamāḥ; dakṣiṇāṃ pitaro guptāṃ Yamena śubhakarmaṇā.
Orang Pāñcāla, Kuru, Naimiṣa, dan penduduk negeri Matsya memahami dharma. Di wilayah utara, serta di Anga dan Māgadha, para tetua menafkahi hidup dengan berlindung pada dharma sebagaimana diajarkan dalam śāstra. Ia pun mengingatkan tatanan semesta: para dewa bersemayam di arah timur dengan Jātavedas (Agni) sebagai pemimpin; sedangkan arah selatan—dijaga oleh Yama yang menegakkan pemerintahan benar—adalah ranah para Pitṛ (leluhur).
कर्ण उवाच
Educational Q&A
Dharma is not merely personal preference but a scripturally grounded way of life upheld by elders and mirrored in the cosmos: gods, ancestors, and guardians of directions each have their ordained spheres, implying that human society too should follow established righteous order.
Karna is speaking and cites various regions and peoples as knowing and living by dharma, then invokes a traditional cosmological mapping—Agni leading the gods in the East and Yama guarding the South with the ancestors—to reinforce the authority and universality of dharma.