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Shloka 4

कर्णभीमसमागमः | Karṇa–Bhīma Encounter

यथा देवैर्महाराज ईश्वरादघिको वृत: । तथा भवानपि क्षिप्रं रुद्रस्येव पितामह:

yathā devair mahārāja īśvarād adhiko vṛtaḥ | tathā bhavān api kṣipraṁ rudrasyeva pitāmahaḥ ||

Duryodhana berkata: “Wahai maharaja, sebagaimana para dewa dahulu memilih seorang yang lebih perkasa daripada Īśvara (Śiva) sendiri, demikian pula hendaknya engkau tanpa menunda memilih seorang panglima—sebagaimana Sang Kakek Agung (Bhīṣma) bagi Rudra.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
देवैःby the gods
देवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ईश्वरात्than the Lord (Īśvara)
ईश्वरात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
अधिकःgreater, superior
अधिकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअधिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृतःchosen, selected
वृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत
Formवृ (वृणोति/वृणुते) / वृत (PPP), Past (PPP used predicatively), Singular, Masculine, Nominative
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
भवान्you
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
क्षिप्रम्quickly, soon
क्षिप्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षिप्र
रुद्रस्यof Rudra
रुद्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
पितामहःthe Grandsire (Brahmā)
पितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

दुर्योधन (Duryodhana)
महārāja (addressed king, contextually Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
देवाः (the gods)
ईश्वर (Īśvara/Śiva)
रुद्र (Rudra/Śiva)
पितामह (Pitāmaha—Bhīṣma)

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes the urgency and necessity of appointing capable leadership in crisis, legitimizing decisive command by invoking divine precedent and revered exemplars (the gods’ choice; Bhīṣma as ‘Pitāmaha’).

Duryodhana addresses the king and presses for swift selection/appointment of a supreme commander, comparing the desired choice to how the gods chose a superior leader and to Bhīṣma’s eminent status (‘Grandsire’) in relation to Rudra.