Shloka 60

Karṇa’s advance against the Pāṇḍava host; Arjuna’s clash with the Saṃśaptakas (कर्णस्य पाण्डवसेनाप्रवेशः—अर्जुनस्य संशप्तकसंप्रहारः)

Devanagari script

कुमारपित्रे त्रयक्षाय प्रवरायुधधारिणे । प्रपन्नार्तिविनाशाय ब्रह्मद्धिट्संघधातिने

Transliteration

kumāra-pitre tryakṣāya pravarāyudha-dhāriṇe | prapannārti-vināśāya brahma-dhṛk-saṅgha-ghātine ||

Translation

Engkau ayah Kumāra (Kārttikeya), Tuhan bermata tiga, pemangku senjata-senjata utama; pemusnah derita mereka yang berlindung, dan pembantai gerombolan para pembenci Brahman serta tatanan suci. Sembah sujud bagimu.

Word by Word

• कुमारपित्रे: to the father of Kumāra (Skanda)
• कुमारपित्रे: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुमारपितृ
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• त्र्यक्षाय: to the three-eyed one
• त्र्यक्षाय: Sampradana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्र्यक्ष
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• प्रवरायुधधारिणे: to the bearer of excellent weapons
• प्रवरायुधधारिणे: Sampradana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रवर-आयुध-धारिन्
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• प्रपन्नार्तिविनाशाय: to the destroyer of the distress of those who seek refuge
• प्रपन्नार्तिविनाशाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रपन्न-आर्ति-विनाश
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• ब्रह्मद्विट्संघधातिने: to the slayer of the host of brahma-haters (enemies of Brahmins/Brahman)
• ब्रह्मद्विट्संघधातिने: Sampradana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ब्रह्मद्विट्-संघ-घातिन्
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Śiva (Tryakṣa)
• Kumāra (Kārttikeya/Skanda)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames Śiva as the ethical protector of those who sincerely seek refuge (prapanna) and as the upholder of sacred order by destroying forces that violate Brahman/Vedic righteousness. It highlights the ideal that power is legitimate when used to relieve the afflicted and restrain adharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the midst of the Karṇa Parva war context, Duryodhana offers a laudatory invocation to Śiva, addressing him through epithets (father of Kumāra, three-eyed, wielder of supreme weapons) and seeking divine support by praising Śiva’s role as remover of devotees’ distress and destroyer of impious hosts.