Shloka 22

Adhyāya 40 (Book 7, Droṇa-parva): Abhimanyu’s Rapid Advance and Battlefield Disruption

Devanagari script

तथा तु वर्तमाने वै संग्रामेडतिभयंकरे

Transliteration

tathā tu vartamāne vai saṅgrāme 'tibhayaṅkare

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Ketika pertempuran yang amat mengerikan itu berlangsung, peristiwa-peristiwa terus bergulir di tengah ketakutan dan hiruk-pikuk; laju perang tak mengenal jeda, dan para kesatria yang terlibat memikul beban dharma yang kian berat.

Word by Word

• तथा: thus, in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• तु: but, indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• वर्तमाने: while (it was) going on; in progress
• वर्तमाने: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्तमान
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• वै: indeed, surely
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• संग्रामे: in the battle
• संग्रामे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संग्राम
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अतिभयंकरे: in the exceedingly terrifying (one)
• अतिभयंकरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतिभयङ्कर
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• battle (saṅgrāma)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the overwhelming dread and moral gravity of war: when conflict becomes 'exceedingly terrifying,' human agency operates under pressure, and the ethical consequences of actions in such conditions become especially weighty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya marks a narrative transition, stating that the battle—described as extremely fearsome—was actively underway, setting the scene for the next events in the Drona Parva account.