Shloka 19

Bhagadatta’s Astra and the Fall of the Prāgjyotiṣa King (भगदत्त-वधः / वैष्णवास्त्र-प्रसङ्गः)

Devanagari script

व्यपेतहृदयत्रासा आवत्र॒ुस्तं महारथा: | आर्च्छत्‌ पार्थो गुरु भारं सर्वभारसहो युधि,उन महारथियोंने अपने हृदयसे भयको निकालकर अर्जुनको वहाँ घेर लिया। युद्धमें समस्त भारोंको सहन करनेवाले अर्जुनने उनसे लड़नेका भारी भार भी अपने ही ऊपर ले लिया

Transliteration

vyapeta-hṛdaya-trāsā āvavṛstuṁ mahā-rathāḥ | ārcchat pārtho guru-bhāraṁ sarva-bhāra-saho yudhi ||

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Menyingkirkan gentar dari hati, para kesatria kereta agung mengepungnya. Maka Pārtha—teguh di medan perang dan sanggup memikul segala beban—mengambil sendiri tanggung jawab berat untuk menghadapi himpitan musuh itu.

Word by Word

• व्यपेत: gone away, removed
• व्यपेत: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्य-अपि-इ (धातु √इ; क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• हृदयत्रासाः: fears in the heart
• हृदयत्रासाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृदयत्रास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• आववृतुः: they surrounded/encircled
• आववृतुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√वृ (वृञ् वरणे)
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• महारथाः: great chariot-warriors
• महारथाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• आर्च्छत्: he approached/advanced
• आर्च्छत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√ऋच्छ् (ऋच्छति)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• पार्थः: Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)
• पार्थः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गुरु: heavy, great
• गुरु: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• भारम्: burden
• भारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सर्वभारसहः: enduring all burdens
• सर्वभारसहः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्वभारसह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युधि: in battle
• युधि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध् (प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री.)
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Arjuna (Pārtha)
• Mahārathas (great chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ethic of steadfastness: when danger intensifies, the righteous warrior does not evade responsibility but bears the ‘heavy burden’ of protecting his side and meeting force with disciplined courage.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes elite warriors (mahārathas) regaining fearlessness and encircling Arjuna. Arjuna advances to meet them, accepting the difficult task of fighting through their concentrated attack.