Shloka 4

Devanagari script

पिता मम यशथा क्षुद्रैर्न्यस्तशस्त्रो निपातित: । धर्मध्वजवता पापं कृतं तद्‌ विदितं मम,“राजन! मेरे पिताने जिस प्रकार हथियार डाल दिया, जिस तरह उन नीचोंने उन्हें मार गिराया तथा धर्मका ढोंग रचनेवाले युधिष्ठिरने जो पाप किया है, वह सब मुझे मालूम हो गया

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | pitā mama yathā kṣudrair nyastaśastro nipātitaḥ | dharmadhvajavatā pāpaṃ kṛtaṃ tad viditaṃ mama |

Translation

Wahai Raja! Aku telah mengetahui semuanya—bagaimana ayahku, setelah meletakkan senjata, dijatuhkan dan dibunuh oleh orang-orang hina itu; dan dosa yang dilakukan Yudhiṣṭhira, yang mengibarkan panji dharma.

Word by Word

पिताfather

ममof me / my

यथाas / in the manner that

क्षुद्रैःby the vile/mean (men)

न्यस्त-शस्त्रःhaving laid down weapons / disarmed

निपातितःwas struck down / felled

धर्म-ध्वज-वताःby one bearing the banner of dharma (a pretender to righteousness)

पापम्sin / evil deed

कृतम्done / committed

तत्that

विदितम्is known

ममto me / of me

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Droṇa

Yudhiṣṭhira

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical collapse that can occur in war: even those reputed for dharma may commit wrongdoing, and the killing of a disarmed opponent is portrayed as a grave moral transgression.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Droṇa, after laying down his weapons, was brought down by ignoble attackers, and he condemns Yudhiṣṭhira’s role as a ‘dharma-banner’ figure whose action enabled or constituted sin in the events leading to Droṇa’s fall.