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Shloka 53

धृतराष्ट्र–संजय संवादः: कर्ण–घटोत्कचयोर्निशायुद्धवर्णनम्

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya Dialogue: Description of the Night Engagement of Karṇa and Ghaṭotkaca

निकृत्तकूबरयुगान्‌ भग्नेषाबन्धुरान्‌ प्रभो | पश्य पार्थ हयान्‌ भूमौ विमानोपमदर्शनान्‌,प्रभो! इन रथोंके कूबर और जुए खण्डित हो गये हैं। ईषादण्ड टुकड़े-टुकड़े कर दिये गये हैं और इनकी बन्धन-रज्जुओंकी भी धज्जियाँ उड़ गयी हैं। पार्थ! भूमिपर पड़े हुए इन घोड़ोंको तो देखो, ये विमानके समान दिखायी दे रहे हैं

nikṛttakūbarayugān bhagneṣābandhurān prabho | paśya pārtha hayān bhūmau vimānopamadārśanān ||

Wahai tuan, tiang depan dan kuk kereta-kereta ini telah tertebas; batang-batangnya remuk, bahkan tali pengikatnya pun tercabik. Lihatlah, Pārtha—kuda-kuda yang tergeletak di tanah ini, dalam rupa dan wibawanya, seakan-akan laksana vimāna, kereta udara.

निकृत्तcut off, severed
निकृत्त:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनि√कृत् (कृत्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कूबरpole/beam of a chariot (kūbara)
कूबर:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकूबर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
युगान्yokes
युगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
भग्नbroken
भग्न:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभञ्ज् (भग्न)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ईषाshafts/poles (of chariots)
ईषा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootईषा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
बन्धुरान्cross-pieces/fastenings; (chariot) bindings
बन्धुरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धुर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पश्यsee, behold
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Root√पश्
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भूमौon the ground
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
विमानोपमlike aerial cars (vimānas)
विमानोपम:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविमान-उपम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दर्शनान्in appearance; sights
दर्शनान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदर्शन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
H
horses (hayāḥ)
C
chariot components (kūbara, yuga, īṣā, bandhura)
V
vimāna (celestial/aerial car)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the stark reality of war: even the finest instruments of power—chariots and horses—are reduced to ruin. Kṛṣṇa’s pointing-out functions as sober guidance, urging clear-sightedness and steadiness in duty amid destruction, without romanticizing violence.

On the battlefield, Kṛṣṇa draws Arjuna’s attention to the aftermath of intense fighting: chariots have been disabled (poles and yokes severed, shafts broken, harness torn), and horses lie fallen on the ground, their striking forms compared poetically to celestial vehicles.