Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 19

Droṇa’s sweeping assault and the Abhimanyu–Jayadratha close-quarters episode (द्रोणस्य भीषणव्यचरितम् / सौभद्र-जयद्रथ-संनिपातः)

ततः प्रववृते युद्ध तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम्‌ । पाण्डवानां कुरूणां च द्रोणपाउचाल्ययोरपि,आप्तैराशु परिज्ञातं भारद्वाजचिकीर्षितम्‌ । संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! जब द्रोणाचार्यने कुछ अन्तर रखकर राजा युधिष्ठछिरको कैद करनेकी प्रतिज्ञा कर ली, तब आपके सैनिकोंने युधिष्ठिरके पकड़े जानेका उद्योग सुनकर जोर-जोरसे सिंहनाद करना और भुजाओंपर ताल ठोंकना आरम्भ किया। भरतनन्दन! उस समय धर्मराज युधिष्छिरने शीघ्र ही अपने विश्वसनीय गुप्तचरोंद्वारा यथायोग्य सारी बातें पूर्णरूपसे जान लीं कि द्रोणाचार्य क्या करना चाहते हैं तदनन्तर कौरवों तथा पाण्डवोंमें और द्रोणाचार्य तथा धृष्टद्युम्नमें रोमांचकारी भयंकर युद्ध होने लगा

tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ tumulaṁ lomaharṣaṇam | pāṇḍavānāṁ kurūṇāṁ ca droṇapāñcālyayor api | āptair āśu parijñātaṁ bhāradvājacikīrṣitam ||

Sañjaya berkata: “Lalu pecahlah pertempuran yang dahsyat, riuh, dan menggetarkan—antara Pāṇḍava dan Kuru, dan juga antara Droṇa dan panglima Pāñcāla. Dan melalui para kepercayaan, maksud putra Bhāradvāja, Droṇa, segera diketahui.”

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
प्रववृतेarose, began
प्रववृते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+वृत्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Singular, Atmanepada
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तुमुलम्tumultuous
तुमुलम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
लोमहर्षणम्hair-raising, thrilling
लोमहर्षणम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootलोमहर्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्रोणof Droṇa
द्रोण:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पाञ्चाल्ययोःof the Pāñcālya (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) and (his side)
पाञ्चाल्ययोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
आप्तैःby trusted (persons)
आप्तैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआप्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
आशुquickly
आशु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु
परिज्ञातम्fully known, ascertained
परिज्ञातम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootपरि+ज्ञा
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
भारद्वाजof Bhāradvāja (Droṇa)
भारद्वाज:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभारद्वाज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
चिकीर्षितम्intended act, what was wished to be done
चिकीर्षितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचिकीर्षित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'rājan')
P
Pāṇḍavas
K
Kurus/Kauravas
D
Droṇācārya (Bhāradvāja)
P
Pāñcāla
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna (implied by 'Pāñcālya')
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (from the accompanying Gītā Press narrative gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that in war, vows and personal objectives can inflame mass violence, but responsible leadership must counter this with vigilance and timely intelligence. Ethically, it points to the tension between martial resolve and the duty to protect rightful order (dharma) by anticipating threats rather than reacting blindly.

A fierce battle erupts among the Pāṇḍavas and Kurus, with a focused confrontation involving Droṇa and the Pāñcāla leader (Dhṛṣṭadyumna). Yudhiṣṭhira, learning Droṇa’s intended plan through trusted agents, prepares amid the escalating clash.