Shloka 20

युधिष्ठिरस्य कृष्णार्जुनादि-समाश्वासनम्

Yudhiṣṭhira’s reassurance and praise of Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna, Bhīma, and Sātyaki

Devanagari script

यावन्न क्रुद्धयते राजा धर्मपुत्रो युधिष्ठिर:

Transliteration

yāvan na kruddhyate rājā dharmaputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: “Selama Raja Yudhiṣṭhira—putra Dharma—belum tersulut amarah…”

Word by Word

• यावत्: as long as; until
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यावत्
• Form: correlative indeclinable (temporal/limit)

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: negation particle

• क्रुद्ध्यते: becomes angry
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रुध्
• Form: present tense (लट्), 3rd person, singular, Ātmanepada

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• धर्मपुत्रः: Dharma's son
• धर्मपुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मपुत्र
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmaputra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line foregrounds the ethical ideal of kṣānti and self-restraint: Yudhiṣṭhira’s identity as “Dharmaputra” implies that righteous leadership is measured by mastery over anger, especially amid the provocations of war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, narrating events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, introduces a conditional situation centered on Yudhiṣṭhira’s potential anger—setting up what may follow depending on whether the righteous king is provoked or remains composed.