Shloka 36

भीमसेन-द्रोण-संग्रामः

Bhīmasena and Droṇa: Containment, Advance, and Recognition

Devanagari script

तौ दृष्टवा तु व्यतिक्रान्ती हृषीकेशधनंजयौ । सिन्धुराजस्य रक्षार्थ पराक्रान्त: सुतस्तव,श्रीकृष्ण और अर्जुन सारी सेनाको लाँधकर आगे बढ़ते चले जा रहे हैं, यह देखकर आपके पुत्र दुर्योधनने सिन्धुराजकी रक्षाके लिये पराक्रम दिखाना आरम्भ किया

Transliteration

tau dṛṣṭvā tu vyatikrāntī hṛṣīkeśa-dhanañjayau | sindhurājasya rakṣārthaṁ parākrāntaḥ sutas tava ||

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Melihat Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa) dan Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) menerobos dan melampaui barisan pasukan, putramu Duryodhana mulai memperlihatkan keberanian besar demi melindungi raja Sindhu.

Word by Word

तौthose two (them)

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen

तुbut/indeed

व्यतिक्रान्तीhaving crossed/overstepped (the array)

हृषीकेशHrishikesha (Krishna)

धनंजयौDhananjaya (Arjuna) (the two: Krishna and Arjuna)

सिन्धुराजस्यof the king of Sindhu (Jayadratha)

रक्षार्थम्for the protection (purpose)

पराक्रान्तःvaliant/strenuously active

सुतःson

तवyour

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa)

Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

Sindhurāja (Jayadratha)

Duryodhana

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in war, duty and loyalty to one’s side can compel immediate, forceful action. It also implicitly raises ethical tension: valor and protective intent may be admirable in isolation, yet they operate within a conflict whose causes and methods may be morally compromised.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna surge ahead, crossing beyond the main bodies of troops. Observing this breakthrough, Duryodhana steps up with renewed effort to defend Jayadratha (the Sindhu king), whose safety is strategically crucial at this point in the battle.